Currently browsing: “Parkinson’s disease”

Dopamine receptor D3 expressed on CD4+ T-cells favours neurodegeneration of dopaminergic neurons during Parkinson’s disease

KEYWORDS: 2013 • Parkinson’s disease

ABSTRACT: Emerging evidence has demonstrated that CD4+ T cells infiltrate into the substantia nigra (SN) in Parkinson’s disease (PD) patients and in animal models of PD. SN-infiltrated CD4+ T cells bearing inflammatory phenotypes promote microglial activation and strongly contribute to neurodegeneration of dopaminergic neurons. Importantly, altered expression of dopamine receptor D3 (D3R) in PBLs from […]

Unfolded protein stress in the endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondria: a role in neurodegeneration

KEYWORDS: Alzheimer’s disease • endoplasmic reticulum • Mitochondria • Parkinson’s disease • Sebastián Bernales • unfolded protein response

Protein-folding occurs in several intracellular locations including the endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondria. In normal conditions there is a balance between the levels of unfolded proteins and protein folding machinery. Disruption of homeostasis and an accumulation of unfolded proteins trigger stress responses, or unfolded protein responses (UPR), in these organelles. These pathways signal to increase the […]